Width: 32 mm (compatible with 32 mm wide composite corded polyester straps).
Wire Diameter: 7 mm (high-strength steel wire).
Finish: Galvanized (zinc coating, 10–15 µm) or phosphated for corrosion resistance.
1 Strap Specifications:
Composite corded polyester strap, 32 mm wide, with a PP coating (0.15 mm per side, total strap thickness ~0.8–1.0 mm).
Typical linear breaking strength of the strap: 1500 daN (approximately 1500 kg) [Web ID: 0].
2. Purpose of Tensile Strength Testing
Objective: To determine the system strength of the buckle and strap assembly, which is the maximum tensile load the system can withstand before failure (either the buckle deforms/breaks or the strap slips/breaks at the buckle).
Industry Context: The buckle’s tensile strength is critical for ensuring load security during shipping (e.g., securing 41.78 kg 4-inch Sch 40 pipes for export to Ecuador). The system strength is typically 60–90% of the strap’s linear breaking strength due to the buckle’s joint efficiency [Web ID: 8].
3. Testing Standards
Relevant Standards:
ASTM D3950: Standard Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Joining Methods) – provides guidelines for testing tensile strength of strapping systems, including buckles [Web ID: 8].
EN 12195-2: European standard for load restraint assemblies on road vehicles, which includes testing methods for strapping systems [Web ID: 17].
Testing Equipment:
Universal Testing Machine (UTM) with a capacity of at least 5000 daN (50 kN) to accommodate the expected system strength.
Grips or clamps designed for strapping systems to secure the strap ends without slippage.
Load cell accuracy: ±0.5% of reading.
. Test Procedure
Sample Preparation:
Use a 32 mm composite corded polyester strap with a PP coating (0.15 mm per side).
Secure the strap with a 32 x 7 mm wire buckle (galvanized finish recommended for consistency).
Thread the strap through the buckle as per standard practice: fold the strap double, pass it through the buckle’s central opening, and pull tight using a heavy-duty tensioner [Web ID: 7] [Web ID: 24].
Prepare at least 5 samples to ensure statistical reliability.
Setup:
Mount the strap and buckle assembly in the UTM, ensuring the strap is aligned without twists.
Clamp the strap ends securely, leaving a free length of ~500 mm between clamps to allow for buckle interaction.
Humidity: 50% ± 5% (to simulate controlled conditions; note that humidity in Ecuador may be 70–90%, which could slightly reduce strap performance due to PP coating behavior).
Loading Rate: 100 mm/min (per ASTM D3950 recommendations for strapping).
Test Execution:
Apply tensile force gradually until failure occurs (either buckle deformation/breakage or strap slippage/breakage at the buckle).
Record the maximum force (in daN or kN) at failure.
Note the failure mode: buckle deformation, buckle breakage, strap slippage, or strap breakage.
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